SECURE 2.0 Section 603 changed the rules for 401(k) catch-up contributions. If you have employees age 50+ earning over $150,000 โ your plan may be NON-COMPLIANT right now.
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๐ Book My Free 30-Min Compliance CallThe Rule Change
Employees age 50+ could make catch-up contributions to their 401(k) on a pre-tax basis โ deferring taxes until retirement. Simple, flexible, no conditions.
If an employee is age 50+ AND earned over $150,000 in prior-year FICA wages (W-2 Box 3), their catch-up contributions MUST go into a Roth (after-tax) account. No exceptions. No more delays.
Eligibility Test
Use this chart to determine if this rule applies to each employee in your plan.
Are you a sole proprietor or partner with only self-employment income โ no FICA wages from a corporate entity? If YES, you are EXEMPT from the mandate. You may continue making catch-up contributions on a pre-tax basis regardless of your income level.
Action Required
Do not just forward them an article. Call them directly and ask these exact questions. Document their answers in writing โ your compliance depends on it.
"For the 2026 plan year, the threshold for mandatory Roth catch-ups is $150,000 based on prior-year FICA wages. Does your system use Box 3 (FICA wages) or Box 5 (Medicare wages) to identify high earners?"
โก Why ask: The IRS specifically requires FICA wages (Box 3). Box 5 includes pre-tax deductions and will flag the wrong employees.
โ Correct Answer: "We use Box 3.""For employees identified as high earners, how do you handle the spillover? If an employee hits the regular 401(k) deferral limit mid-year, does your system automatically switch their catch-up contributions to Roth?"
โก Why ask: The final regulations allow for a "deemed Roth election" to automate this. You need to know if their software supports it โ or if you need separate elections from each employee.
โ Correct Answer: "We have a deemed Roth feature we can activate for specific employees.""We need to amend our plan document to comply with the Roth catch-up rule. What is your deadline for submitting amendment requests to ensure compliance by 1/1/2026?"
โก Why ask: Some providers (like Bank of America) had deadlines as early as September/December 2025. If you've missed the window, you need the correction procedure immediately.
โ Correct Answer: They give you a specific date. If it has passed โ ask for the correction procedure IMMEDIATELY.Your Complete Toolkit
Plain-English breakdown of Section 603 โ exactly what changed and why it matters for your business.
Visual decision tree to identify every High Earner in your plan โ unambiguous and easy to apply.
Word-for-word questions to ask your payroll provider โ with the correct answers you should hear.
Sign-and-date checklist that documents your fiduciary due diligence โ keep it in your compliance file.
Exact script to use when your TPA seems confused โ gets them moving in the right direction fast.
If an error already happened โ W-2 correction, In-Plan Roth Rollover, and the De Minimis exception explained.
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Isaac Trinidad is a Retirement Specialist, business consultant, and financial educator with over 15 years of experience. He has dedicated his career to assisting business owners, professionals, and families in crafting smarter retirement and tax-efficient financial strategies. As a Service-Disabled Veteran business owner and published author, Isaac leverages real-world experience and practical compliance knowledge to demystify complex financial regulations.
Don't Wait
Every payroll cycle without confirmation increases your exposure to penalties, plan disqualification risk, and employee dissatisfaction.
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๐ Book My Free 30-Min Compliance CallThis guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal or tax advice. Consult a qualified professional regarding your specific situation.